PHILOSOPHICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN BUILDING TOLERANCE AWARENESS WITHIN THE MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF MAKASSAR CITY
Keywords:
Philosophical Reconstruction, Christian Religious Education, Tolerance, Multiculturalism, Makassar City
Abstract
This article examines the philosophical reconstruction of Christian Religious Education (CRE) as an instrument for building tolerance awareness within the multicultural society of Makassar City. Utilizing a qualitative research method based on library research and a hermeneutical-philosophical approach, this article analyzes the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations of CRE in the context of cultural, ethnic, and religious diversity in Makassar. Reconstruction is carried out on the paradigm, curriculum, methodology, and value orientation of CRE by integrating the thought of educational philosophers, multicultural theologians, and religious tolerance scholars. The findings indicate that philosophically reconstructed CRE can transcend doctrinal-exclusive approaches and transform into a dialogical pedagogy that situates the encounter with the "Other" as a formative moment of faith. The multicultural-tolerant CRE model formulated encompasses four dimensions: the theological-biblical dimension, the philosophical-hermeneutical dimension, the pedagogical-praxis dimension, and the socio-cultural dimension. These findings make a significant contribution to the development of contextual, inclusive, and relevant CRE for building a tolerant civil society in Makassar City.
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Baidhawy, Zakiyuddin. Multicultural-Oriented Religious Education. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2021.
Banks, James A. An Introduction to Multicultural Education. 6th ed. New York: Pearson, 2022.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Makassar. Makassar in Numbers 2023. Makassar: BPS, 2023.
Berryman, Jerome W. Teaching Godly Play: How to Mentor the Spiritual Development of Children. New York: Church Publishing, 2022.
Buber, Martin. I and Thou. Diterjemahkan oleh Ronald Gregor Smith. New York: Scribner Classics, 2021.
Cully, Iris V. The Dynamics of Christian Education. Reprint. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 2021.
Dewey, John. Democracy and Education: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education. Mineola: Dover Publications, 2022.
Djunatan, Stephanus. "Rekonstruksi Teologis Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Konteks Pluralisme Agama." Veritas: Jurnal Teologi dan Pelayanan 21, no. 2 (2022): 103–115.
Fowler, James. Stages of Faith: The Psychology of Human Development and the Quest for Meaning. New York: HarperOne, 2021.
Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. 30th Anniversary Edition. Diterjemahkan oleh Myra Bergman Ramos. New York: Continuum, 2021.
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. 3rd revised ed. Diterjemahkan oleh Joel Weinsheimer dan Donald G. Marshall. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022.
Gardner, Howard. Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. 3rd ed. New York: Basic Books, 2022.
Groome, Thomas H. Will There Be Faith? A New Vision for Educating and Growing Disciples. New York: HarperOne, 2021.
Habermas, Jurgen. The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 1. Diterjemahkan oleh Thomas McCarthy. Boston: Beacon Press, 2021.
Harris, Maria. Fashion Me a People: Curriculum in the Church. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2021.
Intan, Benyamin F. "Kewarganegaraan dan Toleransi dalam Perspektif Kristen." Jurnal Pelita Zaman 36, no. 2 (2022): 167–179.
Kementerian Agama RI. Religious Moderation. Jakarta: Balitbang Diklat Kemenag RI, 2022.
Levinas, Emmanuel. Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority. Diterjemahkan oleh Alphonso Lingis. Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 2021.
Mahardika, Elkana Chrisna. "Pendidikan Agama Kristen Berbasis Multikulturalisme di Era Postmodern." Jurnal Teologi Kontekstual Indonesia 3, no. 1 (2022): 45–52.
Mulia, Siti Musdah. Religious Harmony: A Foundation for Indonesian Democracy. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2021.
Noddings, Nel. Educating for Intelligent Belief or Unbelief. New York: Teachers College Press, 2021.
Osmer, Richard. Practical Theology: An Introduction. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2022.
Pannenberg, Wolthart. Systematic Theology. Vol. 3. Diterjemahkan oleh Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2022.
Parintak, Oktapianus. Contextual Theology and Multicultural Education. Makassar: STTAI Press, 2023.
Pauw, Amy Plantinga. Church in Ordinary Time: A Wisdom Ecclesiology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2021.
Pazmino, Robert W. Foundational Issues in Christian Education: An Introduction in Evangelical Perspective. 4th ed. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2022.
Government Regulation Number 55 of 2007 on Religious Education and Religious Schooling. Jakarta: State Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia, 2007.
Sairin, Weinata. Religious Harmony as the Primary Pillar of National Harmony: Key Thoughts. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2022.
Schipani, Daniel. The Way of Wisdom in Youth Ministry. Eugene: Wipf & Stock, 2022.
Seymour, Jack L. Teaching the Way of Jesus: Educating Christians for Faithful Living. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2022.
Sihotang, Paidah. "Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Pembentukan Toleransi Beragama Generasi Muda." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Missio 14, no. 1 (2023): 12–21.
Taylor, Charles. A Secular Age. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2022.
Law Number 20 of 2003 on the National Education System. Jakarta: State Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia, 2003.
Volf, Miroslav. Exclusion and Embrace: A Theological Exploration of Identity, Otherness, and Reconciliation. Revised ed. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2022.
Vygotsky, Lev. Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2022.
Westerhoff III, John H. Will Our Children Have Faith? 3rd ed. New York: Morehouse Publishing, 2022.
Wyckoff, D. Campbell. Theory and Design of Christian Education Curriculum. Reprint. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 2021.
Yewangoe, Andreas A. Religion and Harmony. New edition. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2022.
Young, Iris Marion. Justice and the Politics of Difference. 2nd ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2022.
Published
2026-07-09
How to Cite
Juni Balle, Suranto, Ritwan Imanuel Tarigan, & Anselma Mildani Sibero. (2026). PHILOSOPHICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN BUILDING TOLERANCE AWARENESS WITHIN THE MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF MAKASSAR CITY. Jurnal Penelitian Progresif, 5(2), 234-244. https://doi.org/10.61992/jpp.v5i2.367
Section
Articles
