DEVELOPMENT OF KINDERGARTEN LEARNING MODULES BASED ON BLENDED LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Keywords:
Kindergarten Module; Blended learning; Online learning; Basic skills
Abstract
Kindergarten is a golden age for maximizing intellectual potential. However, the development of students' basic skills has not yet reached the expected target. This research was conducted to address this issue by developing a blended learning-based module. Blended learning was chosen because it is tailored to learning during the pandemic. The module development steps followed the ADDIE development model. The module was piloted with content experts, instructional design experts, small groups, and field trials. The validation results of the content expert test obtained a feasibility score of 95% and the instructional design expert test a 90%. The average feasibility score in the small group test was 91% and the field test a 95%. This blended learning -based module makes a significant contribution to learning during the pandemic because it provides a solution to learning challenges. The use of the module can increase student activity and motivation, even for physical activities. Blended learning is also an effective means of introducing students to the use of technology.
References
Adrianus, A., Astuti, I., & Enawaty, E. (2023). Results of Needs Analysis for Android-Based E-Module Development in Science Learning. EDUKATIF JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES , 5 (3), 1431. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v5i3.4923
Afifah, SN, Komalasari, K., Disman, D., & Malihah, E. (2022). Blended Learning-Based Social Studies Learning as an Effort to Meet the Challenges of the 21st Century. Basicedu Journal , 6 (3), 4289. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2769
Aini, K., & Kurniawan, RY (2022). E-MODULE DEVELOPMENT WITH THE 5M INDEPENDENT LEARNING STRATEGY TO SUPPORT BLENDED LEARNING IN ECONOMICS. OIKOS Journal of Economic Education and Economics Studies . https://doi.org/10.23969/oikos.v6i2.5480
Aini, Q. (2023). Analysis of the Implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in Leading Schools in East Lombok. JPEK (Journal of Economic and Entrepreneurship Education) , 7 (2). https://doi.org/10.29408/jpek.v7i2.24946
Aoetpah, RL, Satyawati, ST, & Wasitohadi. (2023). Development of an Independent Learning Module on Educational Leadership Based on Competence-Based Training to Improve Teacher Personality Competence. Kelola Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan , 10 (2), 174. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.jk.2023.v10.i2.p174-186
Ariesanti, D., Mudiono, A., & Arifin, S. (2023). ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION AND LEARNING PLANNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. SENTRI Scientific Research Journal , 2 (6), 1896. https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v2i6.995
Arini, NR, Jaelani, AK, Buahana, BN, & Tahir, M. (2025). PROJECT-BASED LEARNING-BASED TEACHING MODULE TO IMPROVE CHILDREN'S P5 IN AL-AZIZIYAH GUNUNGSARI KINDERGARTEN. SOCIAL Journal of Social Studies Education Innovation , 5 (2), 804. https://doi.org/10.51878/social.v5i2.6448
Arini, YSWE, Gunawan, W., & Subandowo, M. (2021). Development of Applied Science Modules Based on Problem-Based Learning to Support Independent Learning in Vocational High Schools. Educate Journal of Educational Technology , 6 (2), 72. https://doi.org/10.32832/educate.v6i2.5060
Arum, TS, & Wahyudi, W. (2016). DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATIVE THEMATIC LEARNING MODULE ON THE SUB-THEME OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF LIVING THINGS IN THE ECOSYSTEM USING A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH FOR GRADE 5 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. Scholaria Journal of Education and Culture , 6 (3), 239. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.scholaria.2016.v6.i3.p239-250
Arwin, A., Anita, Y., Helsa, Y., Kenedi, AK, & Fransyaigu, R. (2022). Blended Learning Implementation Training for Elementary School Teachers. Dedication Journal of Community Service , 6 (1), 111. https://doi.org/10.31537/dedication.v6i1.664
Astuti, FP, Sulistyaningtyas, RE, Laely, K., & Indiati, I. (2024). Enhancing pedagogical competence of teachers through merdeka curriculum teaching module preparation in Candimulyo, Magelang. Community Empowerment , 9 (1), 180. https://doi.org/10.31603/ce.10941
Atikah, N., Priyanto, W., & Prasetyo, SA (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM LEARNING TOOLS CHAPTER 2 SCIENCE SUBJECT MATERIAL STATES OF SUBSTANCES AND THEIR CHANGES GRADE IV ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. Wawasan Pendidikan , 3 (2), 701. https://doi.org/10.26877/wp.v3i2.16094
Ayuningrum, PBH, & Fıtrayatı, D. (2023). Development of a Learning Module for Service Company Accounting in Grade XII. EDUKATIF JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES , 5 (5), 2094. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v5i5.5533
Bahri, S., Simbolon, M., Sari, DK, & Rettob, AL (2020). Training on the Use of Google Facilities in Learning Activities to Improve Pedagogical Competence. ETHOS (Journal of Research and Community Service) , 8 (2). https://doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v8i2.5436
Hakim, MN, & Abidin, AA (2024). The Independent Teaching Platform: Technology Integration in Vocational Education and Teacher Development. Kharisma Journal of Educational Administration and Management , 3 (1), 68. https://doi.org/10.59373/kharisma.v3i1.47
Hamilaturroyya, H., & Adibah, IZ (2025). DYNAMICS OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA IN RESPONDING THE GAP BETWEEN CONCEPTS AND PRACTICES. LEARNING Journal of Innovation in Educational Research and Learning , 5 (3), 1245. https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v5i3.6631
Handoyono, NA, & Mahmud, A. (2020). Development of Android-Based Learning Media for Electronic Fuel Injection Learning. INVOTEK Journal of Vocational and Technology Innovation , 20 (2), 107. https://doi.org/10.24036/invotek.v20i2.791
Hanria, R., & Fauzan, A. (2023). Development of E-Modules Based on Problem Based Learning to Improve Reflective Thinking Skills of Grade VII Students. Basicedu Journal , 7 (1), 863. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i1.4764
Hardianto, H., Musa, LADAD, Firmanto, F., & Anas, A. (2022). DEVELOPMENT OF 3D ANIMATION VIDEO FOR TRAFFIC LEARNING USING BLENDER SOFTWARE. Journal of Social Science Education , 32 (2), 189. https://doi.org/10.23917/jpis.v32i2.19798
Hatisah, N. (2025). DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MODULES WITH A GAMIFICATION APPROACH ON HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM MATERIAL. Biogeneration Journal , 10 (3), 1790. https://doi.org/10.30605/biogeneration.v10i3.6842
Hendrik, B., Masril, M., & Firdaus, F. (2021). Improving Student Learning Independence Through the Application of Blended Learning in Algorithms and Programming I Courses. EDUKATIF JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES , 3 (4), 2192. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i4.1156
Hermila, A., & Bau, RTRL (2023). E-Learning as a Complement to Learning: The Realization of Digital Transformation Acceleration in Education. Journal of Public Policy Studies , 2 (1), 69. https://doi.org/10.21787/jskp.2.2023.69-79
Hulu, Y. (2023). Teacher Problems in Developing Learning Technology and Media. ANTHOR Education and Learning Journal , 2 (6), 840. https://doi.org/10.31004/anthor.v2i6.285
Ikhsan, I., Rabiman, R., Johan, AB, & Rentas, J. (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOYOTA AVANZA EFI FUEL SYSTEM LEARNING MODULE AT MUHAMMADIYAH MLATI VOCATIONAL SCHOOL. Journal of Automotive Vocational Education , 5 (1), 81. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpvo.v5i1.57758
Irsalina, A., & Dwiningsih, K. (2018). Practicality Analysis of Developing the Student Worksheet Oriented Blended Learning in Acid Base Material. JKPK (Jurnal Kimia Dan Pendidikan Kimia) , 3 (3), 171. https://doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v3i3.25648
Ismail, S., Suhana, S., & Hadiana, E. (2020). Competence of Modern Teachers in Facing Challenges in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Atthulab Islamic Religion Teaching and Learning Journal , 5 (2), 198. https://doi.org/10.15575/ath.v5i2.8659
Izzati, AA, Hanifah, US, Anggraeni, S., Azizah, N., & Rohmah, DFN (2021). THE EFFECT OF BLENDED LEARNING IN IMPROVING LEARNING EFFECTIVENESS. JOURNAL OF EDUSCIENCE , 8 (2), 14. https://doi.org/10.36987/jes.v8i2.2243
Jafnihirda, L., Irfan, D., Simatupang, W., Muskhir, M., & Fadhilah, F. (2023). Designing an Interactive Project Based Learning (PjBL) Module Based on Flipbook. Judikatif Journal of Creative Communication Design , 76. https://doi.org/10.35134/judikatif.v4i2.61
Jaya, KMA, Witraguna, KY, & Wahyuni, NNT (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF CANVA-BASED INTERACTIVE E-MODULE IN THE LEARNING PSYCHOLOGY COURSE TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES. Journal of Quality Assurance , 121. https://doi.org/10.25078/jpm.v9i02.2451
Jonatan, J., & Waruwu, ATM (2023). The Role of Digital Technology in Developing Christian Learning in the Digital Era. ANTHOR Education and Learning Journal , 2 (6), 805. https://doi.org/10.31004/anthor.v2i6.233
Jundu, R., Nendi, F., Kurnila, VS, Mulu, H., Ningsi, GP, & Ali, FA (2020). DEVELOPMENT OF CONTEXTUAL-BASED SCIENCE LEARNING VIDEOS IN MANGGARAI FOR STUDENT LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. LENSA (Lentera Sains) Journal of Science Education , 10 (2), 63. https://doi.org/10.24929/lensa.v10i2.112
Kalsum, U., Mustami, MK, & Ismail, W. (2018). DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY LEARNING MODULES FOR ECOSYSTEM MATERIAL BASED ON THE CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) APPROACH. Lentera Pendidikan Journal of Education and Teacher Training , 21 (1), 97. https://doi.org/10.24252/lp.2018v21n1i9
Kelana, A.H., Irawan, S., Karubaba, M., & Sahar, A. (2025). FEASIBILITY OF INTERACTIVE TEACHING MATERIALS OF CHEMISTRY LEARNING E-MODULES ON COLLOIDAL MATERIALS BASED ON PAPUA LOCAL WISDOM. SCIENCE Journal of Mathematics and Science Education Innovation , 5 (4), 1607. https://doi.org/10.51878/science.v5i4.7110
Khoiroh, N. (2018). The Effect of the Blended Learning Model and Learning Motivation on the Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Students of SMPN 1 Gumukmas. JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE RESEARCH , 10 (2), 97. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpipfip.v10i2.13986
Kristina, H., Vitasari, M., & Taufik, AN (2022). Development of a Science Literacy-Based E-Module with the Theme "Let's Be Prepared for Disasters" to Train Middle School Students' Learning Independence. PENDIPA Journal of Science Education , 6 (3), 754. https://doi.org/10.33369/pendipa.6.3.754-763
Kusmawati, H., & Surachman, AI (2019). GLOCALISATION OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN RELIGIOUS MADRASAH ALIYAH IN THE ERA OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0. Scientific Journal of Primary Education , 6 (2), 98. https://doi.org/10.30659/pendas.6.2.98-115
Nana, N., & Surahman, E. (2019). Development of Digital Learning Innovation Using the Blended POE2WE Model in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Proceedings of the SNFA (National Seminar on Physics and Its Applications) , 4 , 82. https://doi.org/10.20961/prosidingsnfa.v4i0.35915
Nesri, FDP, & Kristanto, YD (2020). Development of Technology-Assisted Teaching Modules to Develop Students' 21st-Century Skills. AKSIOMA Journal of Mathematics Education Study Program , 9 (3), 480. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v9i3.2925
Ningsi, A., Sukiman, S., Agustina, A., Hardiyana, MR, & Nirmala, SU (2024). Identification of Challenges and Strategies in the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum at the Elementary School Level. Ideguru Journal of Teacher Scientific Work , 9 (2), 678. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v9i2.877
Nirahua, J., Taihuttu, J., & Sopacua, V. (2020). DEVELOPMENT OF BLENDED LEARNING AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILL-BASED TEACHING MATERIALS IN ASTROPHYSICS COURSES IN WELCOMING THE ERA OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0. Jambura Physics Journal , 2 (1), 24. https://doi.org/10.34312/jpj.v2i1.6869
Nopiani, S., Purnamasari, I., Nuvitalia, D., & Rahmawati, A. (2023). 4C COMPETENCIES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM IN GRADE IV OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. Didactic Scientific Journal of PGSD STKIP Subang , 9 (2), 5202. https://doi.org/10.36989/didactic.v9i2.1136
Nuraini, NLS, Cholifah, PS, Rini, TA, Aurelia, D., Sofirin, A., Huzaimah, C., & Nafisah, N. (2023). Development of TPACK-Based Independent Curriculum Teaching Modules for Teachers in Malang City. Basicedu Journal , 7 (6), 3466. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i6.6306
Nurhasanah, A., Pribadi, RA, & Ismawati, F. (2022). Application of Blended Learning Methods to Improve Students' Motivation and Understanding of Learning Concepts in Elementary Schools. Jurnal Ilmiah Telaah , 7 (1), 20. https://doi.org/10.31764/telaah.v7i1.6694
Nurhayati, P., Emilzoli, M., & Fu'adiah, D. (2022). IMPROVING THE SKILLS OF DEVELOPING TEACHING MODULES AND PROJECT MODULES FOR STRENGTHENING THE PROFILE OF PANCASILA STUDENTS IN THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM FOR MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH TEACHERS. JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) , 6 (5). https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v6i5.10047
Nurjanah, N., Koswara, D., Nugraha, HS, Rukmanah, HS, & Ruslan, U. (2025). INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES IN SUNDANE LANGUAGE LEARNING: DIGITALIZATION OF TEACHING MATERIALS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS. LEARNING Journal of Innovation in Educational Research and Learning , 5 (2), 579. https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v5i2.4724
NURSYAMSIAH, P. (2021). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BLENDED LEARNING MODEL IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' MEMORIZATION OF HADITH AT SDIT MUTIARA CENDEKIA LUBUKLINGGAU. Rabbani Journal of Islamic Religious Education , 2 (2), 156. https://doi.org/10.19105/rjpai.v2i2.4833
Nurtaqiya, N., Naim, M., Prasetya, MR, Anugrah, D., Pajriani, & Nurmila. (2025). USE OF AI BASED CHATGPT AND PAPERPAL TO IMPROVE TEACHERS' ABILITIES IN PREPARING MODULES AND TEACHING MATERIALS. Pedagogy Journal of Mathematics Education , 10 (3), 1109. https://doi.org/10.30605/pedagogy.v10i3.6926
Nurwahidah, I., & Muhtar, T. (2022). Teacher Pedagogical Competence Post-Covid-19 Pandemic. Basicedu Journal , 6 (4), 5692. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3113
Oktaria, SD, Sasongko, RN, & Kristiawan, M. (2021). Development of Blended Learning Designs using Moodle to Support Academics of the Curriculum at the University of Bengkulu. Journal of Teacher Studies and Learning , 4 (1), 118. https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.4.1.2021.548
Rismawanda, H., & Mustika, D. (2024). Teachers' Ability in Developing Teaching Modules for the Independent Curriculum in Elementary Schools. Aulad Journal on Early Childhood , 7 (1), 32. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v7i1.575
Riyani, NLVE, & Wulandari, IGAA (2022). Development of STEAM-Based Interactive Student Worksheets on Social Studies Knowledge Competencies of Fifth Grade Students at SD No. 3 Sibanggede. Scientific Journal of Batanghari Jambi University , 22 (1), 285. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v22i1.2046
Rizal, M., Najmuddin, N., Iqbal, M., Zahriyanti, Z., & Elfiadi, E. (2022). Competence of Early Childhood Education Teachers in Implementing the Pancasila Student Profile in Driving Schools. Jurnal Obsesi Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini , 6 (6), 6924. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i6.3415
Rizqiyani, SB, Agustini, F., & Mushafanah, Q. (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF SCRAP-POPUP BOOK LEARNING MEDIA ON THE MATERIAL OF MY REGION AND ITS NATURAL WEALTH IN GRADE IV OF SALAFIYAH MARGOMULYO ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. Educational Insights , 3 (2), 766. https://doi.org/10.26877/wp.v3i2.16427
Rosa, PHP (2023). IMPROVING THE READINESS OF INFORMATICS TEACHERS IN MAGELANG REGENCY TO IMPLEMENT INFORMATICS SUBJECTS IN THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM. ABDIMAS ALTRUIS Journal of Community Service , 6 (1), 29. https://doi.org/10.24071/aa.v6i1.5856
Sembiring, WS, Sudatha, IGW, & Simamora, AH (2021). SCIENCE E-MODULE TO FACILITATE UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' INDEPENDENT LEARNING. Indonesian Journal of Learning Technology , 11 (1), 26. https://doi.org/10.23887/jurnal_tp.v11i1.635
Septianto, T., Mahsunah, E., & Murni, AW (2022). Teacher Perspective: Training and Creation of Flipbook Learning Media for Implementation in Elementary School Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Basicedu Journal , 6 (3), 3691. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2661
Setiani, D., Dewi, PFA, Delya, SM, Rahmawati, V., & Dasmo, D. (2021). Development of Digital Physics Comic Learning Media Based on Line Webtoon on the Topic of Pressure. Journal of Physics Education , 9 (2), 212. https://doi.org/10.24127/jpf.v9i2.4008
Setiani, PP, & Novariyanto, RA (2021). Development of Interactive Blended Learning in Distance Learning of History and Sociology Courses. MENDIDIK Journal of Education and Teaching Studies , 7 (2), 252. https://doi.org/10.30653/003.202172.197
Setyadi, A., & Saefudin, AA (2019). Development of a mathematics module with a problem-based learning model for seventh-grade junior high school students. PYTHAGORAS Journal of Mathematics Education , 14 (1), 12. https://doi.org/10.21831/pg.v14i1.16771
Shafira, DA, & Minsih, M. (2022). Blended Learning with TPACK Learning Design in Limited Face-to-Face Learning in Elementary Schools. Basicedu Journal , 6 (3), 4622. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2914
Simbolon, N., Suartama, IK, & Mahadewi, LPP (2021). DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA FOR PRACTICAL WORKS SUBJECTS FOR GRADE VIII JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. Indonesian Journal of Learning Technology , 11 (1), 40. https://doi.org/10.23887/jurnal_tp.v11i1.634
Sinaga, WSE, Yusnaidar, Y., Syahri, W., & Muhaimin, M. (2023). Development of Interactive Multimedia in the Form of an Android Application Based on Multiple Representations on Chemical Equilibrium Material. Journal of Chemical Education Innovation , 17 (2), 81. https://doi.org/10.15294/jipk.v17i2.37602
Sistiowati, E., Sudarman, S., & Anwar, RB (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA USING SPARKOL VIDEOSCRIBE WITH THE RME APPROACH ON LINEAR PROGRAM MATERIAL FOR GRADE XI VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL MUHAMMADIYAH GUNUNG AGUNG. EMTEKA Journal of Mathematics Education , 4 (1), 84. https://doi.org/10.24127/emteka.v4i1.3129
Stefany, EM (2016). STUDENT RESPONSES TO LEARNING MEDIA DEVELOPMENT: IMPLEMENTATION IN ICT COURSES FOR GRADE VIII AT SMP NEGERI 4 DENPASAR. Edutic Scientific Journal of Education and Informatics , 1 (2). https://doi.org/10.21107/edutic.v1i2.1546
Subroto, DE, Supriandi, Wirawan, R., & Rukmana, AY (2023). Implementation of Technology in Learning in the Digital Era: Challenges and Opportunities for the World of Education in Indonesia. Journal of Education West Science , 1 (7), 473. https://doi.org/10.58812/jpdws.v1i07.542
Sukma, E., Indriyani, V., & Suriani, A. (2022). Blended Learning vs. Hybrid Learning: Teachers' Perspectives on Learning in Elementary Schools Post-COVID-19. Elementary Scientific Journal of Elementary Education , 8 (2), 28. https://doi.org/10.32332/elementary.v8i2.4821
Sutiani, A., Muchtar, Z., Dibyantini, RE, Sinaga, M., & Purba, J. (2022). Analysis of the Ability of High School Chemistry Teachers in North Sumatra in Integrating TPACK. Journal of Chemical Learning Innovation , 4 (2), 112. https://doi.org/10.24114/jipk.v4i2.39259
Syahrir, S., & Susilawati, S. (2015). DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING MODULES FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. Mandala Education Scientific Journal , 1 (2), 162. https://doi.org/10.58258/jime.v1i2.235
Triana, H., Yanti, PG, & Hervita, D. (2023). Development of Interdisciplinary-Based Indonesian Language Teaching Modules in Lower Elementary School Grades in the Independent Curriculum. Mandala Education Scientific Journal , 9 (1). https://doi.org/10.58258/jime.v9i1.4644
Wulandari, S., Octaria, D., & Mulbasari, AS (2021). Development of E-Modules Assisted by the Flip PDF Builder Application Based on Contextual Teaching and Learning. JNPM (National Journal of Mathematics Education) , 5 (2), 389. https://doi.org/10.33603/jnpm.v5i2.4628
Zahri, M., Fuad, H., & Subakir. (2023). THE ABILITY TO DEVELOP TEACHING MODULES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN MOTORING SCHOOLS IN BANGKALAN REGENCY. Transformation Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education , 7 (1), 93. https://doi.org/10.36526/tr.v7i1.2848
Zuhri, S., Nurhadi, N., Trinugraha, YH, Rahman, A., Pranawa, S., Nurcahyono, OH, & Pudyastuti, SG (2020). DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON FIELD RESEARCH RESULTS FOR HIGH SCHOOL SOCIOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY TEACHERS IN SURAKARTA. DEDIKASI Community Service Reports , 2 (2). https://doi.org/10.20961/dedikasi.v2i2.45222
Zulkan, Z., Wulandari, S., & Zulirfan, Z. (2023). Development of Science E-Modules Based on a Scientific Approach Using Canva and Flip PDF Professional. Education , 18 (1), 50. https://doi.org/10.29408/edc.v18i1.18715
Afifah, SN, Komalasari, K., Disman, D., & Malihah, E. (2022). Blended Learning-Based Social Studies Learning as an Effort to Meet the Challenges of the 21st Century. Basicedu Journal , 6 (3), 4289. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2769
Aini, K., & Kurniawan, RY (2022). E-MODULE DEVELOPMENT WITH THE 5M INDEPENDENT LEARNING STRATEGY TO SUPPORT BLENDED LEARNING IN ECONOMICS. OIKOS Journal of Economic Education and Economics Studies . https://doi.org/10.23969/oikos.v6i2.5480
Aini, Q. (2023). Analysis of the Implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in Leading Schools in East Lombok. JPEK (Journal of Economic and Entrepreneurship Education) , 7 (2). https://doi.org/10.29408/jpek.v7i2.24946
Aoetpah, RL, Satyawati, ST, & Wasitohadi. (2023). Development of an Independent Learning Module on Educational Leadership Based on Competence-Based Training to Improve Teacher Personality Competence. Kelola Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan , 10 (2), 174. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.jk.2023.v10.i2.p174-186
Ariesanti, D., Mudiono, A., & Arifin, S. (2023). ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION AND LEARNING PLANNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. SENTRI Scientific Research Journal , 2 (6), 1896. https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v2i6.995
Arini, NR, Jaelani, AK, Buahana, BN, & Tahir, M. (2025). PROJECT-BASED LEARNING-BASED TEACHING MODULE TO IMPROVE CHILDREN'S P5 IN AL-AZIZIYAH GUNUNGSARI KINDERGARTEN. SOCIAL Journal of Social Studies Education Innovation , 5 (2), 804. https://doi.org/10.51878/social.v5i2.6448
Arini, YSWE, Gunawan, W., & Subandowo, M. (2021). Development of Applied Science Modules Based on Problem-Based Learning to Support Independent Learning in Vocational High Schools. Educate Journal of Educational Technology , 6 (2), 72. https://doi.org/10.32832/educate.v6i2.5060
Arum, TS, & Wahyudi, W. (2016). DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEGRATIVE THEMATIC LEARNING MODULE ON THE SUB-THEME OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF LIVING THINGS IN THE ECOSYSTEM USING A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH FOR GRADE 5 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. Scholaria Journal of Education and Culture , 6 (3), 239. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.scholaria.2016.v6.i3.p239-250
Arwin, A., Anita, Y., Helsa, Y., Kenedi, AK, & Fransyaigu, R. (2022). Blended Learning Implementation Training for Elementary School Teachers. Dedication Journal of Community Service , 6 (1), 111. https://doi.org/10.31537/dedication.v6i1.664
Astuti, FP, Sulistyaningtyas, RE, Laely, K., & Indiati, I. (2024). Enhancing pedagogical competence of teachers through merdeka curriculum teaching module preparation in Candimulyo, Magelang. Community Empowerment , 9 (1), 180. https://doi.org/10.31603/ce.10941
Atikah, N., Priyanto, W., & Prasetyo, SA (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM LEARNING TOOLS CHAPTER 2 SCIENCE SUBJECT MATERIAL STATES OF SUBSTANCES AND THEIR CHANGES GRADE IV ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. Wawasan Pendidikan , 3 (2), 701. https://doi.org/10.26877/wp.v3i2.16094
Ayuningrum, PBH, & Fıtrayatı, D. (2023). Development of a Learning Module for Service Company Accounting in Grade XII. EDUKATIF JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES , 5 (5), 2094. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v5i5.5533
Bahri, S., Simbolon, M., Sari, DK, & Rettob, AL (2020). Training on the Use of Google Facilities in Learning Activities to Improve Pedagogical Competence. ETHOS (Journal of Research and Community Service) , 8 (2). https://doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v8i2.5436
Hakim, MN, & Abidin, AA (2024). The Independent Teaching Platform: Technology Integration in Vocational Education and Teacher Development. Kharisma Journal of Educational Administration and Management , 3 (1), 68. https://doi.org/10.59373/kharisma.v3i1.47
Hamilaturroyya, H., & Adibah, IZ (2025). DYNAMICS OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT IN THE DIGITAL ERA IN RESPONDING THE GAP BETWEEN CONCEPTS AND PRACTICES. LEARNING Journal of Innovation in Educational Research and Learning , 5 (3), 1245. https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v5i3.6631
Handoyono, NA, & Mahmud, A. (2020). Development of Android-Based Learning Media for Electronic Fuel Injection Learning. INVOTEK Journal of Vocational and Technology Innovation , 20 (2), 107. https://doi.org/10.24036/invotek.v20i2.791
Hanria, R., & Fauzan, A. (2023). Development of E-Modules Based on Problem Based Learning to Improve Reflective Thinking Skills of Grade VII Students. Basicedu Journal , 7 (1), 863. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i1.4764
Hardianto, H., Musa, LADAD, Firmanto, F., & Anas, A. (2022). DEVELOPMENT OF 3D ANIMATION VIDEO FOR TRAFFIC LEARNING USING BLENDER SOFTWARE. Journal of Social Science Education , 32 (2), 189. https://doi.org/10.23917/jpis.v32i2.19798
Hatisah, N. (2025). DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MODULES WITH A GAMIFICATION APPROACH ON HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM MATERIAL. Biogeneration Journal , 10 (3), 1790. https://doi.org/10.30605/biogeneration.v10i3.6842
Hendrik, B., Masril, M., & Firdaus, F. (2021). Improving Student Learning Independence Through the Application of Blended Learning in Algorithms and Programming I Courses. EDUKATIF JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES , 3 (4), 2192. https://doi.org/10.31004/edukatif.v3i4.1156
Hermila, A., & Bau, RTRL (2023). E-Learning as a Complement to Learning: The Realization of Digital Transformation Acceleration in Education. Journal of Public Policy Studies , 2 (1), 69. https://doi.org/10.21787/jskp.2.2023.69-79
Hulu, Y. (2023). Teacher Problems in Developing Learning Technology and Media. ANTHOR Education and Learning Journal , 2 (6), 840. https://doi.org/10.31004/anthor.v2i6.285
Ikhsan, I., Rabiman, R., Johan, AB, & Rentas, J. (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOYOTA AVANZA EFI FUEL SYSTEM LEARNING MODULE AT MUHAMMADIYAH MLATI VOCATIONAL SCHOOL. Journal of Automotive Vocational Education , 5 (1), 81. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpvo.v5i1.57758
Irsalina, A., & Dwiningsih, K. (2018). Practicality Analysis of Developing the Student Worksheet Oriented Blended Learning in Acid Base Material. JKPK (Jurnal Kimia Dan Pendidikan Kimia) , 3 (3), 171. https://doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v3i3.25648
Ismail, S., Suhana, S., & Hadiana, E. (2020). Competence of Modern Teachers in Facing Challenges in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Atthulab Islamic Religion Teaching and Learning Journal , 5 (2), 198. https://doi.org/10.15575/ath.v5i2.8659
Izzati, AA, Hanifah, US, Anggraeni, S., Azizah, N., & Rohmah, DFN (2021). THE EFFECT OF BLENDED LEARNING IN IMPROVING LEARNING EFFECTIVENESS. JOURNAL OF EDUSCIENCE , 8 (2), 14. https://doi.org/10.36987/jes.v8i2.2243
Jafnihirda, L., Irfan, D., Simatupang, W., Muskhir, M., & Fadhilah, F. (2023). Designing an Interactive Project Based Learning (PjBL) Module Based on Flipbook. Judikatif Journal of Creative Communication Design , 76. https://doi.org/10.35134/judikatif.v4i2.61
Jaya, KMA, Witraguna, KY, & Wahyuni, NNT (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF CANVA-BASED INTERACTIVE E-MODULE IN THE LEARNING PSYCHOLOGY COURSE TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES. Journal of Quality Assurance , 121. https://doi.org/10.25078/jpm.v9i02.2451
Jonatan, J., & Waruwu, ATM (2023). The Role of Digital Technology in Developing Christian Learning in the Digital Era. ANTHOR Education and Learning Journal , 2 (6), 805. https://doi.org/10.31004/anthor.v2i6.233
Jundu, R., Nendi, F., Kurnila, VS, Mulu, H., Ningsi, GP, & Ali, FA (2020). DEVELOPMENT OF CONTEXTUAL-BASED SCIENCE LEARNING VIDEOS IN MANGGARAI FOR STUDENT LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. LENSA (Lentera Sains) Journal of Science Education , 10 (2), 63. https://doi.org/10.24929/lensa.v10i2.112
Kalsum, U., Mustami, MK, & Ismail, W. (2018). DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGY LEARNING MODULES FOR ECOSYSTEM MATERIAL BASED ON THE CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) APPROACH. Lentera Pendidikan Journal of Education and Teacher Training , 21 (1), 97. https://doi.org/10.24252/lp.2018v21n1i9
Kelana, A.H., Irawan, S., Karubaba, M., & Sahar, A. (2025). FEASIBILITY OF INTERACTIVE TEACHING MATERIALS OF CHEMISTRY LEARNING E-MODULES ON COLLOIDAL MATERIALS BASED ON PAPUA LOCAL WISDOM. SCIENCE Journal of Mathematics and Science Education Innovation , 5 (4), 1607. https://doi.org/10.51878/science.v5i4.7110
Khoiroh, N. (2018). The Effect of the Blended Learning Model and Learning Motivation on the Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Students of SMPN 1 Gumukmas. JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE RESEARCH , 10 (2), 97. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpipfip.v10i2.13986
Kristina, H., Vitasari, M., & Taufik, AN (2022). Development of a Science Literacy-Based E-Module with the Theme "Let's Be Prepared for Disasters" to Train Middle School Students' Learning Independence. PENDIPA Journal of Science Education , 6 (3), 754. https://doi.org/10.33369/pendipa.6.3.754-763
Kusmawati, H., & Surachman, AI (2019). GLOCALISATION OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN RELIGIOUS MADRASAH ALIYAH IN THE ERA OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0. Scientific Journal of Primary Education , 6 (2), 98. https://doi.org/10.30659/pendas.6.2.98-115
Nana, N., & Surahman, E. (2019). Development of Digital Learning Innovation Using the Blended POE2WE Model in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Proceedings of the SNFA (National Seminar on Physics and Its Applications) , 4 , 82. https://doi.org/10.20961/prosidingsnfa.v4i0.35915
Nesri, FDP, & Kristanto, YD (2020). Development of Technology-Assisted Teaching Modules to Develop Students' 21st-Century Skills. AKSIOMA Journal of Mathematics Education Study Program , 9 (3), 480. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v9i3.2925
Ningsi, A., Sukiman, S., Agustina, A., Hardiyana, MR, & Nirmala, SU (2024). Identification of Challenges and Strategies in the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum at the Elementary School Level. Ideguru Journal of Teacher Scientific Work , 9 (2), 678. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v9i2.877
Nirahua, J., Taihuttu, J., & Sopacua, V. (2020). DEVELOPMENT OF BLENDED LEARNING AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILL-BASED TEACHING MATERIALS IN ASTROPHYSICS COURSES IN WELCOMING THE ERA OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0. Jambura Physics Journal , 2 (1), 24. https://doi.org/10.34312/jpj.v2i1.6869
Nopiani, S., Purnamasari, I., Nuvitalia, D., & Rahmawati, A. (2023). 4C COMPETENCIES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM IN GRADE IV OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS. Didactic Scientific Journal of PGSD STKIP Subang , 9 (2), 5202. https://doi.org/10.36989/didactic.v9i2.1136
Nuraini, NLS, Cholifah, PS, Rini, TA, Aurelia, D., Sofirin, A., Huzaimah, C., & Nafisah, N. (2023). Development of TPACK-Based Independent Curriculum Teaching Modules for Teachers in Malang City. Basicedu Journal , 7 (6), 3466. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i6.6306
Nurhasanah, A., Pribadi, RA, & Ismawati, F. (2022). Application of Blended Learning Methods to Improve Students' Motivation and Understanding of Learning Concepts in Elementary Schools. Jurnal Ilmiah Telaah , 7 (1), 20. https://doi.org/10.31764/telaah.v7i1.6694
Nurhayati, P., Emilzoli, M., & Fu'adiah, D. (2022). IMPROVING THE SKILLS OF DEVELOPING TEACHING MODULES AND PROJECT MODULES FOR STRENGTHENING THE PROFILE OF PANCASILA STUDENTS IN THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM FOR MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH TEACHERS. JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) , 6 (5). https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v6i5.10047
Nurjanah, N., Koswara, D., Nugraha, HS, Rukmanah, HS, & Ruslan, U. (2025). INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES IN SUNDANE LANGUAGE LEARNING: DIGITALIZATION OF TEACHING MATERIALS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS. LEARNING Journal of Innovation in Educational Research and Learning , 5 (2), 579. https://doi.org/10.51878/learning.v5i2.4724
NURSYAMSIAH, P. (2021). THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BLENDED LEARNING MODEL IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' MEMORIZATION OF HADITH AT SDIT MUTIARA CENDEKIA LUBUKLINGGAU. Rabbani Journal of Islamic Religious Education , 2 (2), 156. https://doi.org/10.19105/rjpai.v2i2.4833
Nurtaqiya, N., Naim, M., Prasetya, MR, Anugrah, D., Pajriani, & Nurmila. (2025). USE OF AI BASED CHATGPT AND PAPERPAL TO IMPROVE TEACHERS' ABILITIES IN PREPARING MODULES AND TEACHING MATERIALS. Pedagogy Journal of Mathematics Education , 10 (3), 1109. https://doi.org/10.30605/pedagogy.v10i3.6926
Nurwahidah, I., & Muhtar, T. (2022). Teacher Pedagogical Competence Post-Covid-19 Pandemic. Basicedu Journal , 6 (4), 5692. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3113
Oktaria, SD, Sasongko, RN, & Kristiawan, M. (2021). Development of Blended Learning Designs using Moodle to Support Academics of the Curriculum at the University of Bengkulu. Journal of Teacher Studies and Learning , 4 (1), 118. https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.4.1.2021.548
Rismawanda, H., & Mustika, D. (2024). Teachers' Ability in Developing Teaching Modules for the Independent Curriculum in Elementary Schools. Aulad Journal on Early Childhood , 7 (1), 32. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v7i1.575
Riyani, NLVE, & Wulandari, IGAA (2022). Development of STEAM-Based Interactive Student Worksheets on Social Studies Knowledge Competencies of Fifth Grade Students at SD No. 3 Sibanggede. Scientific Journal of Batanghari Jambi University , 22 (1), 285. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v22i1.2046
Rizal, M., Najmuddin, N., Iqbal, M., Zahriyanti, Z., & Elfiadi, E. (2022). Competence of Early Childhood Education Teachers in Implementing the Pancasila Student Profile in Driving Schools. Jurnal Obsesi Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini , 6 (6), 6924. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i6.3415
Rizqiyani, SB, Agustini, F., & Mushafanah, Q. (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF SCRAP-POPUP BOOK LEARNING MEDIA ON THE MATERIAL OF MY REGION AND ITS NATURAL WEALTH IN GRADE IV OF SALAFIYAH MARGOMULYO ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. Educational Insights , 3 (2), 766. https://doi.org/10.26877/wp.v3i2.16427
Rosa, PHP (2023). IMPROVING THE READINESS OF INFORMATICS TEACHERS IN MAGELANG REGENCY TO IMPLEMENT INFORMATICS SUBJECTS IN THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM. ABDIMAS ALTRUIS Journal of Community Service , 6 (1), 29. https://doi.org/10.24071/aa.v6i1.5856
Sembiring, WS, Sudatha, IGW, & Simamora, AH (2021). SCIENCE E-MODULE TO FACILITATE UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' INDEPENDENT LEARNING. Indonesian Journal of Learning Technology , 11 (1), 26. https://doi.org/10.23887/jurnal_tp.v11i1.635
Septianto, T., Mahsunah, E., & Murni, AW (2022). Teacher Perspective: Training and Creation of Flipbook Learning Media for Implementation in Elementary School Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Basicedu Journal , 6 (3), 3691. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2661
Setiani, D., Dewi, PFA, Delya, SM, Rahmawati, V., & Dasmo, D. (2021). Development of Digital Physics Comic Learning Media Based on Line Webtoon on the Topic of Pressure. Journal of Physics Education , 9 (2), 212. https://doi.org/10.24127/jpf.v9i2.4008
Setiani, PP, & Novariyanto, RA (2021). Development of Interactive Blended Learning in Distance Learning of History and Sociology Courses. MENDIDIK Journal of Education and Teaching Studies , 7 (2), 252. https://doi.org/10.30653/003.202172.197
Setyadi, A., & Saefudin, AA (2019). Development of a mathematics module with a problem-based learning model for seventh-grade junior high school students. PYTHAGORAS Journal of Mathematics Education , 14 (1), 12. https://doi.org/10.21831/pg.v14i1.16771
Shafira, DA, & Minsih, M. (2022). Blended Learning with TPACK Learning Design in Limited Face-to-Face Learning in Elementary Schools. Basicedu Journal , 6 (3), 4622. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i3.2914
Simbolon, N., Suartama, IK, & Mahadewi, LPP (2021). DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA FOR PRACTICAL WORKS SUBJECTS FOR GRADE VIII JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. Indonesian Journal of Learning Technology , 11 (1), 40. https://doi.org/10.23887/jurnal_tp.v11i1.634
Sinaga, WSE, Yusnaidar, Y., Syahri, W., & Muhaimin, M. (2023). Development of Interactive Multimedia in the Form of an Android Application Based on Multiple Representations on Chemical Equilibrium Material. Journal of Chemical Education Innovation , 17 (2), 81. https://doi.org/10.15294/jipk.v17i2.37602
Sistiowati, E., Sudarman, S., & Anwar, RB (2023). DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA USING SPARKOL VIDEOSCRIBE WITH THE RME APPROACH ON LINEAR PROGRAM MATERIAL FOR GRADE XI VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL MUHAMMADIYAH GUNUNG AGUNG. EMTEKA Journal of Mathematics Education , 4 (1), 84. https://doi.org/10.24127/emteka.v4i1.3129
Stefany, EM (2016). STUDENT RESPONSES TO LEARNING MEDIA DEVELOPMENT: IMPLEMENTATION IN ICT COURSES FOR GRADE VIII AT SMP NEGERI 4 DENPASAR. Edutic Scientific Journal of Education and Informatics , 1 (2). https://doi.org/10.21107/edutic.v1i2.1546
Subroto, DE, Supriandi, Wirawan, R., & Rukmana, AY (2023). Implementation of Technology in Learning in the Digital Era: Challenges and Opportunities for the World of Education in Indonesia. Journal of Education West Science , 1 (7), 473. https://doi.org/10.58812/jpdws.v1i07.542
Sukma, E., Indriyani, V., & Suriani, A. (2022). Blended Learning vs. Hybrid Learning: Teachers' Perspectives on Learning in Elementary Schools Post-COVID-19. Elementary Scientific Journal of Elementary Education , 8 (2), 28. https://doi.org/10.32332/elementary.v8i2.4821
Sutiani, A., Muchtar, Z., Dibyantini, RE, Sinaga, M., & Purba, J. (2022). Analysis of the Ability of High School Chemistry Teachers in North Sumatra in Integrating TPACK. Journal of Chemical Learning Innovation , 4 (2), 112. https://doi.org/10.24114/jipk.v4i2.39259
Syahrir, S., & Susilawati, S. (2015). DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING MODULES FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. Mandala Education Scientific Journal , 1 (2), 162. https://doi.org/10.58258/jime.v1i2.235
Triana, H., Yanti, PG, & Hervita, D. (2023). Development of Interdisciplinary-Based Indonesian Language Teaching Modules in Lower Elementary School Grades in the Independent Curriculum. Mandala Education Scientific Journal , 9 (1). https://doi.org/10.58258/jime.v9i1.4644
Wulandari, S., Octaria, D., & Mulbasari, AS (2021). Development of E-Modules Assisted by the Flip PDF Builder Application Based on Contextual Teaching and Learning. JNPM (National Journal of Mathematics Education) , 5 (2), 389. https://doi.org/10.33603/jnpm.v5i2.4628
Zahri, M., Fuad, H., & Subakir. (2023). THE ABILITY TO DEVELOP TEACHING MODULES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN MOTORING SCHOOLS IN BANGKALAN REGENCY. Transformation Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education , 7 (1), 93. https://doi.org/10.36526/tr.v7i1.2848
Zuhri, S., Nurhadi, N., Trinugraha, YH, Rahman, A., Pranawa, S., Nurcahyono, OH, & Pudyastuti, SG (2020). DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON FIELD RESEARCH RESULTS FOR HIGH SCHOOL SOCIOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY TEACHERS IN SURAKARTA. DEDIKASI Community Service Reports , 2 (2). https://doi.org/10.20961/dedikasi.v2i2.45222
Zulkan, Z., Wulandari, S., & Zulirfan, Z. (2023). Development of Science E-Modules Based on a Scientific Approach Using Canva and Flip PDF Professional. Education , 18 (1), 50. https://doi.org/10.29408/edc.v18i1.18715
Published
2026-02-05
How to Cite
Riyan Maulana, Fahmi Hanifa, & Saddam. (2026). DEVELOPMENT OF KINDERGARTEN LEARNING MODULES BASED ON BLENDED LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL ERA. Jurnal Penelitian Progresif, 5(1), 175-193. https://doi.org/10.61992/jpp.v5i1.322
Section
Articles
